1.It is believed that minority kids often have self-esteem problem.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查阅读判断中的细节理解。原文指出，一代代孩子尤其是少数族裔孩子都按照“他们缺乏自尊”的理论接受教育，说明人们普遍认为少数族裔孩子存在自尊问题，题干与原文一致，故选A（True）。
2022年10月自考13000英语（专升本）真题及答案解析
2022年10月全国高等教育自学考试《英语（专升本）》（课程代码13000）真题，共51题（单选题25题、完形填空5题、填空题20题、写作题1题），每题附参考答案、考点与解析。
2022年10月真题全卷
共 51 题| 大题 | 题数 |
|---|---|
| 阅读判断 | 10 |
| 阅读选择 | 5 |
| 概括段落大意和补全句子 | 10 |
| 填句补文 | 5 |
| 填词补文 | 10 |
| 完形补文 | 10 |
| 短文写作 | 1 |
题干与参考答案照录原卷；“考点”“解析”和主观题“答题要点”由本站老师整理，供复习参考。点开每题下方即可查看。
阅读判断
Lacking in Self-Esteem(自尊)？Good for you! According to psychological and educational theories, self-esteem is essential for a successful life. Generations of children, especially minority kids, have been educated according to the theory (that they lack self-esteem), and that this deficiency is central to any problems (they may have in making their way in the world). Well, guess what? A new research has found that self-esteem can be just as high among grade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel Prize winners and former presidents. In fact, people with high self-esteem can engage in, far more anti-social behavior than those with low self-esteem. “We used to believe that high self-esteem would cause all sorts of positive consequences and that if we raised self-esteem, people would do better in life,” a researcher said. “Mostly, the data have failed to support that.” Racists, street thugs and school bullies all have high scores on the self-esteem tests. And you can see why. If you think you're highly gifted, you're particularly offended if other people don't treat you that way. So you hit out or commit crimes to defend your pride. After all, who are they to suggest that you could be doing something wrong? What do they know? Self-esteem can also be an educational concern. College teachers are constantly complaining about the high self-esteem of their students. When every grade in the school is assessed so as to, make the kid feel good rather than to give an accurate measure of his work, the kid can develop self-esteem dangerously unrelated to the truth. When he's told he is getting a C grade in college, he can then get deeply offended or extremely angry. Weak professors give in to the pressure-hence, grade inflation, which results in their students' vague touch with reality.
2.A new research shows that high self-esteem is essential to success.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查细节理解与判断。原文指出新研究发现D等生和酒驾者的自尊与诺奖得主一样高，且研究人员承认数据大多不支持“高自尊带来好结果”的旧观点，可见高自尊并非成功的必要条件，题干说法错误，故选B（False）。
3.Parents are responsible for their children's self-esteem.
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参考答案C
考点阅读判断：文中未提及
解析本题考查“未提及”的判断。文章讨论自尊理论、新研究结论及其对教育的影响，通篇未提及父母对孩子自尊的责任问题，题干信息在文中找不到依据，属未提及，故选C（Not Given）。
4.Anti-social behavior is related to low self-esteem.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查细节理解。原文明确说高自尊者会比低自尊者做出多得多的反社会行为，题干将反社会行为与低自尊相联系，与原文表述相反，故选B（False）。
5.Racists have low self-esteem.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查细节理解。原文提到种族主义者、街头暴徒和校园恶霸在自尊测试中都得高分，题干说种族主义者自尊低，与原文直接矛盾，故选B（False）。
6.People with high self-esteem are hurt more easily.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断：推理判断
解析本题考查推理判断。原文说自认为天赋极高的人，若别人不那样对待他，他会格外被冒犯，甚至出手或犯罪来捍卫自尊，由此可推知高自尊者更容易受到伤害，故选A（True）。
7.College students are faced with high economic pressure.
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参考答案C
考点阅读判断：文中未提及
解析本题考查“未提及”的判断。文章只涉及大学生的自尊问题和学校评分方式，未谈及大学生面临经济压力，题干属无中生有的信息，故选C（Not Given）。
8.College teachers are often annoyed with students' high self-esteem.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查细节理解。原文指出大学老师不断抱怨学生自尊心过强，“不断抱怨”与题干“经常对……恼火”意思一致，故选A（True）。
9.High grades help students know the truth of themselves.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查细节理解。原文说学校评分只为让孩子感觉良好而非准确衡量其学业，学生会形成与事实严重脱节的自尊，可见高分并不能帮助学生认识真实的自己，故选B（False）。
10.Some college students may find a C grade offending.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断：事实细节判断
解析本题考查细节理解。原文末尾指出当学生被告知大学得了C等成绩时，他会深感被冒犯或极为愤怒，与题干“一些大学生会觉得C等成绩冒犯了自己”相符，故选A（True）。
阅读选择
Organic Farming During thousands of years of human civilization, the raising of animals and growing of plants have always been organic. Chemicals for farming first came up at the turn of the 20th century. Widespread use of chemicals began after World War II. In the 1950s and 60s farmers started using chemical fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂). Recently, however, more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming. In organic farming, farm products are produced in more natural ways. Crops, meat and other food are produced without chemicals. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth hormones(激素) are forbidden. Farmers enrich the soil with natural fertilizers. They pull out weeds by hand. Hay and straw are put between the rows of plants to stop weeding. They rely on the natural enemies of pests to control pests. Animals are fed organically and can eat grass outdoors. Cows, for example, are kept in pastures (操场) and fields. Vegetables and fruit are also produced with organic methods. Organic farming enjoys many advantages. For example, crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile. Organic farming is healthier for farm workers, and there are fewer remains of chemicals in food. In the long run, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. It can slow down global warming and reduce the pollution of ground water. Meanwhile, there are some disadvantages. Organic food is more expensive. Organic products may cost up to 40% more. Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers, and the land output is much less. Marketing and distribution is not efficient because organic food is provided in smaller amount. Crop illness may happen very often. Besides, organic farming cannot produce enough food for the world's population to survive. This could lead to starvation in countries that can produce enough food today.
11.Organic farming ____.
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参考答案C
考点阅读理解：细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。原文说20世纪初才出现农用化学品，二战后广泛使用，五六十年代农民改用化肥农药，而最近越来越多农民回归有机农业，说明有机农业近年重新流行，故选C。
12.In organic farming _____.
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参考答案A
考点阅读理解：细节与排除法
解析本题考查细节理解与排除法。有机农业禁用化学品、用手拔草、靠害虫天敌治虫，可排除B、C、D；原文说牛被养在牧场和田野里，可在田间活动，与A相符，故选A。
13.The phrase “crop rotation”(Para.3) probably means “_____”.
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参考答案D
考点阅读理解：词义猜测
解析本题考查词义猜测。依据下文“种植不同作物能使土壤保持健康肥沃”，可知crop rotation指定期轮换种植不同作物（轮作），故选D。
14.One advantage of organic farming is that it is _____.
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参考答案D
考点阅读理解：细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。原文列举有机农业优点时指出，从长远看有机农场节约能源、保护环境，能减缓全球变暖并减少地下水污染，即对环境友好，故选D。
15.The problem of organic farming is _____.
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参考答案B
考点阅读理解：细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。原文缺点部分指出，因农民需要更多劳动力且土地产量低得多，生产成本更高，故有机农业的问题是生产成本高，选B。
概括段落大意和补全句子
Health Benefits of Honey with Milk Honey and milk get along well. Since ancient times, this mix is known for its amazing health benefits. ① Take a glass of honey with milk before you set out for your day in the morning, and you are guaranteed enough to get through the morning rush. Milk provides you the proteins (required) while honey helps you get the energy by breaking down these proteins. No wonder this drink is meant for all ages alike. ② Milk is known for providing calcium(钙)，which, in right levels, helps in preventing bone diseases as we age. Research has indicated that honey does a good job of carrying nutrients(营养成分) in the food through the blood to various parts of the body. In particular, honey helps in the absorption of calcium, the vital part of milk. ③ If you ask doctors or your grandmother for a solution to your sleeplessness, you are bound to get the same answer -a glass of warm milk with honey. It is best known to induce sleep. So take it regularly if you have sleeping problems. ④ Milk and honey not only help in preventing aging by keeping the skin glowing, but also improve your body as a whole as they contain antioxidants(抗氧化物). These help keep the body young and flexible. For a very long time, this has been an open secret in keeping your body look and feel young. ⑤ Both milk and honey are known to ward off harmful bacteria in our body, but their combined strength is more effective in achieving this effect. Cough and cold can be prevented by taking this drink regularly. It also aids in digestion and treating bowel disorders.
16.Paragraph ①：____
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参考答案D
考点概括段落大意：主旨概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第一段说早晨出门前喝一杯蜂蜜牛奶，能保证顺利度过早晨忙碌时光，牛奶提供蛋白质，蜂蜜帮助分解蛋白质供能，主旨为提供能量，故选D。
17.Paragraph ②：____
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参考答案C
考点概括段落大意：主旨概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第二段说牛奶提供钙，可预防年龄增长引起的骨骼疾病，蜂蜜又有助于钙的吸收，段落主旨是蜂蜜牛奶有助强健骨骼，故选C。
18.Paragraph ③：____
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参考答案E
考点概括段落大意：主旨概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第三段说向医生或长辈求教失眠的办法，得到的答案都是一杯加蜂蜜的热牛奶，它最有助于催眠，主旨为助眠，故选E。
19.Paragraph ④：____
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参考答案B
考点概括段落大意：主旨概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第四段说牛奶和蜂蜜所含抗氧化物能保持皮肤光泽、延缓衰老，使身体年轻灵活，主旨为使人容光焕发、保持年轻，故选B。
20.Paragraph ⑤：____
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参考答案F
考点概括段落大意：主旨概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第五段说牛奶和蜂蜜都能驱除体内有害细菌，二者结合效力更强，常饮还可预防咳嗽感冒，主旨为抗菌功效，故选F。
21.Milk is rich in _____.
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参考答案A
考点补全句子：细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。由第一段Milk provides you the proteins和第二段Milk is known for providing calcium可知，牛奶富含蛋白质和钙，故选A。
22.Milk and honey help _____.
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参考答案D
考点补全句子：细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第四段末句指出这是让人身体看起来和感觉年轻的公开秘诀，题干“help（有助于）”后接该短语，故选D。
23.Honey helps the absorption _____.
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参考答案F
考点补全句子：细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节与介词搭配。第二段明确说honey helps in the absorption of calcium，题干空格处应接of calcium表示“钙的吸收”，故选F。
24.Your body may bend or move easily if you _____.
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参考答案E
考点补全句子：细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第四段说抗氧化物帮助保持身体年轻灵活，而牛奶和蜂蜜含有抗氧化物，故“若喝牛奶加蜂蜜，身体容易弯曲活动”，选E。
25.Drinking honey milk regularly can prevent _____.
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参考答案C
考点补全句子：细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第五段末句指出经常饮用这种饮料可预防咳嗽和感冒，this drink即指蜂蜜牛奶，故选C。
填句补文
Insomnia(失眠) I just could not fall asleep the other night. I just didn't feel sleepy. I can't explain why, but it was really annoying. I got very bored lying in bed, so I decided to read a book. 26____ But even when I finished reading, I still didn't feel tired. So I listened to some peaceful music. That didn't work, either. I have heard people say if you have a warm drink before bedtime, it will help you drift off to sleep. So I went downstairs and made myself a cup of tea. 27____ Still, I couldn't sleep. I was getting very frustrated by this point! It felt strange to be awake while everyone else was asleep. 28_____ In fact, it was a little bit frightening. When you go to sleep, it feels like one day ends and another begins. But if you stay up late, you realize that day and night are just a gentle transition(转变)，a cycle while has no end and no beginning. At 4 a.m., I noticed a faint light coming through my curtains. The sun had started to rise! Normally, I'm a heavy sleeper. 29_____ So on this occasion, I consider myself lucky to see a beautiful sunrise. I knew I needed to get some rest, but it seemed the harder I tried to force myself asleep, the more difficult it was. Eventually, I just let my mind go free. 30_____ I listened to the birdsong...and the next thing I knew it was 11 a.m.! I was happy that I had managed to get some sleep! I have never struggled with sleeping before, so this was my first experience of insomnia. Fortunately, I have been sleeping well since then.
26.I got very bored lying in bed, so I decided to read a book. 26____ But even when I finished reading, I still didn't feel tired.
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参考答案E
考点填句补文：上下文衔接
解析本题考查上下文衔接。空前说躺得无聊决定读本书，空后说即使读完书仍不觉得累，可知空格应表达“本以为读书能帮助入睡”这一预期，故选E。
27.So I went downstairs and made myself a cup of tea. 27____ Still, I couldn't sleep.
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参考答案C
考点填句补文：上下文衔接
解析本题考查上下文衔接。空前说下楼给自己泡了杯茶，空后说仍然睡不着，中间应承接“喝完茶后回到床上”的动作，故选C。
28.It felt strange to be awake while everyone else was asleep. 28_____ In fact, it was a little bit frightening.
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参考答案A
考点填句补文：上下文衔接
解析本题考查上下文衔接。空前说众人皆睡而自己独醒感觉很奇怪，空后说实际上有点吓人，空格应描写“世界显得非常安静”的氛围，故选A。
29.Normally, I'm a heavy sleeper. 29_____ So on this occasion, I consider myself lucky to see a beautiful sunrise.
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参考答案F
考点填句补文：上下文衔接
解析本题考查上下文衔接。空前说平时睡得很沉，空后说这次能看到美丽日出实属幸运，空格应说明“以前从未在早晨这个时候醒过”，故选F。
30.Eventually, I just let my mind go free. 30_____ I listened to the birdsong...and the next thing I knew it was 11 a.m.!
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参考答案B
考点填句补文：上下文衔接
解析本题考查上下文衔接。空前说最终放空思绪，空后说听着鸟鸣再醒来已是11点，中间应说明“不再强迫自己入睡”，故选B。
填词补文
Smiles A smile costs nothing but creates much. It enriches those who 31____, without making those who give poor. It happens in a 32____ and the memory of it sometimes lasts 33____. None are so rich that they can get along without it, and none so 34____ but are richer for its benefits. It creates 35____ in the home, and fosters good will in a business. It is rest to the weary(疲劳的)，daylight to the 36____ and sunshine to the sad. Yet it can't be bought, begged, borrowed, or stolen, for it is something that is no earthly good to anybody till it is given 37____. And if in the last-minute rush of Christmas 38____, some of our salespeople should be too 39____ to give you a smile, may we 40____ you to leave one of yours? For nobody needs a smile so much as those who have none left to give!
31.It enriches those who 31____, without making those who give poor.
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参考答案G
考点填词补文：词义辨析
解析本题考查词义辨析。句意为“微笑使获得者富足，却不使给予者贫穷”，与后半句who give相对，空格应填动词原形receive（获得），故选G。
32.It happens in a 32____ and the memory of it sometimes lasts 33____.
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参考答案F
考点填词补文：固定搭配
解析本题考查固定搭配。in a flash意为“一瞬间”，指微笑转瞬即生，与后文“记忆有时持续永远”形成对照，故选F。
33.the memory of it sometimes lasts 33____.
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参考答案A
考点填词补文：词义辨析
解析本题考查词义辨析。last（持续）后接副词，句意为“它发生在一瞬间，而有关它的记忆有时会持续____”，据句意选forever（永远），故选A。
34.None are so rich that they can get along without it, and none so 34____ but are richer for its benefits.
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参考答案I
考点填词补文：对比与句意
解析本题考查对比结构与句意。前半句“没有人富有到没有它也能过”与后半句对应，so rich对so____，且“因它的益处而更富有”暗示原本贫穷，故选I（poor）。
35.It creates 35____ in the home, and fosters good will in a business.
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参考答案C
考点填词补文：词性与词义
解析本题考查词性与词义。creates为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，与“在商界培养善意”对应，家中创造的是幸福，故选C（happiness）。
36.It is rest to the weary(疲劳的)，daylight to the 36____ and sunshine to the sad.
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参考答案E
考点填词补文：平行结构
解析本题考查平行结构。the weary、the sad均为“the+形容词”表一类人，空格也应填形容词表一类人，“对灰心丧气者是白昼”，故选E（discouraged）。
37.Yet it can't be bought, begged, borrowed, or stolen, for it is something that is no earthly good to anybody till it is given 37____.
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参考答案B
考点填词补文：动词短语
解析本题考查动词短语。give away意为“赠送”，句意为“微笑在被赠送出去之前，对任何人都无实际用处”，故选B（away）。
38.And if in the last-minute rush of Christmas 38____, some of our salespeople should be too 39____ to give you a smile...
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参考答案K
考点填词补文：语境词义
解析本题考查语境词义。由后文salespeople（销售人员）可知场景是圣诞购物高峰，Christmas buying指圣诞采购，故选K。
39.some of our salespeople should be too 39____ to give you a smile
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参考答案H
考点填词补文：固定结构
解析本题考查too...to结构。too...to...意为“太……而不能”，售货员忙得太疲倦以致给不出微笑，too后接形容词，故选H（tired）。
40.may we 40____ you to leave one of yours?
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参考答案L
考点填词补文：动词搭配
解析本题考查动词搭配。ask sb. to do sth.意为“请求某人做某事”，句意为“我们能否请您留下一个微笑”，空格填ask，故选L。
完形补文
The Importance of Friendship for School-age Children Friends are very important to school-age children's healthy(health) development. Research has 41____ (show) that children who lack friends can suffer from emotional and mental difficulties later in life. They have also found that children with friends have a 42____ (great) sense of happiness, better self-esteem and fewer problems as they grow up. Friendships provide children with more than just fun 43____ (playmate). They help children develop emotionally and 44____ (moral). In interacting with friends, children learn many 45____ (society) skills, such as how to communicate, and how to cooperate. They practice 46____ (control) their emotions and responding to the emotions of others. They develop their 47____ (able) to think through and negotiate different situations in their relationships. Having friends 48____ (affect) children in many ways, even their school 49____ (perform). Children tend to have better attitudes about school and learning when they have friends there. In short, friendships are not just a luxury, they are a 50____ (necessary) for children.
41.Research has 41____ (show) that children who lack friends can suffer from emotional and mental difficulties later in life.
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参考答案showed/shown
考点完形补文：动词过去分词
解析本题考查动词过去分词。has后需接过去分词构成现在完成时，show的过去分词有shown和showed两种形式，均可接受，故填shown/showed。
42.They have also found that children with friends have a 42____ (great) sense of happiness, better self-esteem and fewer problems as they grow up.
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参考答案greater
考点完形补文：形容词比较级
解析本题考查形容词比较级。句中与后文better、fewer并列对应，此处应用great的比较级greater，表示“更强的幸福感”，故填greater。
43.Friendships provide children with more than just fun 43____ (playmate).
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参考答案playmates
考点完形补文：名词单复数
解析本题考查名词单复数。playmate为可数名词，泛指孩子们的玩伴，与文中friends呼应，应用复数形式，故填playmates。
44.They help children develop emotionally and 44____ (moral).
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参考答案morally
考点完形补文：副词形式
解析本题考查副词形式。and连接并列成分，需与emotionally（情感上）保持词性一致，moral应变为副词morally（道德上），故填morally。
45.In interacting with friends, children learn many 45____ (society) skills, such as how to communicate, and how to cooperate.
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参考答案social
考点完形补文：形容词转换
解析本题考查词形转换。修饰名词skills需用形容词，society的形容词形式为social，social skills意为“社交技能”，故填social。
46.They practice 46____ (control) their emotions and responding to the emotions of others.
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参考答案controlling
考点完形补文：动名词
解析本题考查动名词。practice后接动名词作宾语，并与and之后的responding保持并列形式，control应用ing形式，故填controlling。
47.They develop their 47____ (able) to think through and negotiate different situations in their relationships.
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参考答案ability
考点完形补文：名词转换
解析本题考查词形转换。their后需接名词，able的名词形式为ability，此处指思考和协商不同情境的“能力”，作为一个整体用单数，故填ability。
48.Having friends 48____ (affect) children in many ways, even their school 49____ (perform).
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参考答案affects
考点完形补文：主谓一致
解析本题考查主谓一致。动名词短语Having friends作主语按单数对待，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填affects。
49.even their school 49____ (perform).
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参考答案performance
考点完形补文：名词转换
解析本题考查词形转换。此处需填名词与school搭配作宾语，perform的名词形式为performance，指“学业表现”，用单数，故填performance。
50.In short, friendships are not just a luxury, they are a 50____ (necessary) for children.
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参考答案necessity
考点完形补文：名词转换
解析本题考查词形转换。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，necessary的名词形式为necessity，a necessity意为“必需品”，故填necessity。
短文写作
51.某英语学习报征集一篇题为 “My Dream Trip”的稿件。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征，内容包括： ·你最想去哪里旅游 ·为什么你最想去那里
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参考答案My Dream Trip l love travelling，because travelling broadens my horizons. l want to go to Beijing the most. There are many beautiful scenery and delicious food. Beijing is an ancient city and a tourist attraction. The Great Wall is one of the world's cultural heritages, which is the crystallization of the wisdom of our ancient laboring people. It is often said that if one has never climbed the Great Wall in Beijing, it means that he has never been to Beijing. There are many famous places in Beijing, such as the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Old Summer Palace. Beijing was also a paradise for delicious food. Peking Duck is a famous Beijing dish that must be tried. It looks attractive and it's crispy on the outside and tender on the inside.
考点短文写作：命题作文
- 开篇点明最想去的旅游地点，扣住题目My Dream Trip
- 分两至三点说明想去的原因，如名胜古迹（长城、故宫、颐和园等）和特色美食（北京烤鸭等）
- 文章结构完整，开头引入、中间展开、结尾呼应，条理清晰
- 语言表达准确，时态、用词得当，篇幅符合考试要求
解析本题考查命题短文写作。题目要求围绕My Dream Trip写出最想去的地点及原因。范文以北京为例，从长城等名胜古迹和烤鸭等美食文化两方面说明理由，要点齐全、结构清楚、语言基本准确，符合题目要求。
13000 英语（专升本）历年真题
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- 课程
- 13000 英语（专升本）
- 考期
- 2022年10月
- 题量
- 51 题
- 更新时间
- 2026-10-09
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