2023年4月自考13000英语（专升本）真题及答案解析

Why Dogs Bury Their Favorite Bones

Why Dogs Bury Their Favorite Bones You may find it crazy that your dog buries his favorite bone or chew toy, onlyto dig it up a day or two later, but there is actually a reason behind it——itis simply in their nature. For thousands of years, dogs have buried theirbones. The practice itself started long before dogs were even pets when theyhad to bury bones to survive. When dogs lived in the wild, sometimes food was scarce. If they were able tofind food,dogs became very protective of it, Sometimes they would have morebones than they could eat for one meal. To keep other dogs and animals fromstealing their bones, dogs would bury them in the ground. When it was time forthe next meal, they would dig up their bones and enjoy them again. This wouldcontinue until the bones were gone. Even though most dogs have plenty of food to eat today, their instincts stilltell them to bury their bones and favorite toys. They do this to keep otherdogs and animals from stealing them, just like their ancestors did. Some dogskeep at least two bones buried at once. When they want to dig up one, they wilbury one more. This may leave a backyard full of holes and bones. How do dogs decide where to bury their bones? A dog cannot bury a bone justanywhere.He must first find the perfect spot. This involves using his nose tofind a spot that is free from other dogs and animals. Often it is near a treeor a large rock, but it could be anywhere in the yard. Once the dog finds theperfect spot, he uses his front paws to dig a hole, drops the bone in andcovers up the hole to protect his treasure.

1.Dogs bury their favorite bones or chew toys by nature.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案A

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查阅读判断中的事实细节。原文首句指出狗埋骨头"it is simply in their nature"（这是它们的天性），与题干"by nature"表述一致，说法正确，故选A（True）。

2.Dogs started to bury their bones when they became pets.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案B

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查细节判断。原文明确说埋骨头的做法"started long before dogs were even pets"，即早在成为宠物之前为生存就已开始，题干与原文相悖，说法错误，故选B（False）。

3.Dogs in the wild occasionally had enough food.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案A

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查细节判断。原文说野外食物有时短缺，但"Sometimes they would have more bones than they could eat for one meal"说明它们偶尔能找到一顿吃不完的食物，即偶尔食物充足，故选A（True）。

4.Dogs would bury their extra food for their babies.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案C

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查"未提及"题型。全文只讲狗埋骨头是为了防止其他动物偷食和留作下顿吃，并未提及为幼崽储存食物，文中无据可查，故选C（Not Given）。

5.Animals would start a fierce fight over food in ancient times

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案C

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查"未提及"题型。文中只说狗埋骨头以防被偷，并未提及古代动物会为食物展开激烈争斗，原文无法印证该说法，故选C（Not Given）。

6.Some dogs tend to store up more than one bone at the same time.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案A

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查细节判断。原文"Some dogs keep at least two bones buried at once"说明有的狗会同时埋藏至少两根骨头，与题干"store up more than one bone"相符，故选A（True）。

7.The backyard of a dog owner may be full of holes dug by his dog.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案A

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查细节判断。原文"This may leave a backyard full of holes and bones"直接说明狗主人的后院可能被挖得满是洞和骨头，与题干表述一致，故选A（True）。

8.Dogs often bury their bones far away from trees.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案B

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查细节判断。原文说狗埋骨头的地点"Often it is near a tree or a large rock"，即通常在树或大石头附近，而非远离树，题干与原文矛盾，故选B（False）。

9.Dogs use their paws to find spots for burying bones.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案B

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查细节判断。原文指出狗是用鼻子寻找没有其他动物出没的埋骨地点，找到合适地点后才用前爪挖洞。题干把"用鼻子找地点"误说成"用爪子找"，与原文不符，故选B（False）。

10.Dogs bury more bones than chew toys.

1. A. True
2. B. False
3. C. Not Given

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参考答案C

考点阅读判断之细节理解与推断

解析考查"未提及"题型。文章开头提到狗会埋藏心爱的骨头和咀嚼玩具，但并未比较两者被埋数量孰多孰少，文中没有依据，故选C（Not Given）。

Public Wi-Fi Users Neglect Safety

Public Wi-Fi Users Neglect Safety A recent survey shows that 25% of Internet users have done online bankingthrough public Wi-Fi in the last three months. It also shows that 27% havebought a product or service with a credit card this way. Experts worry that hackers (黑客) wil _take advantage of_ these practices. DougShadel said that hackers usually attack in two ways. They may create Wi-Fihotspots that have the same name of the ones you trust, such as a hotel or acoffee shop. They may also provide a stronger Wi-Fi signal to get between youand the safe hotspot. In either case, the hackers can see your email, creditcard information, user names and passwords. Sometimes hackers just set up their electronic traps near a business wherepeople enjoy the free Wi-Fi. "In most cases they are after your personalinformation," Shadel said. "If you use the same user name and password formany accounts, they can get into them all. It's possible for any hacker to doit. The software to hack into a Wi-Fi network is available at little or nocost." "It's difficult for people to know if a Wi-Fi network is safe," Shadel said."So you should just think they are not. Any shared Internet access, free orpaid, carries the same level of risk.It is safe only when you or someone youtrust directly controls it." Shadel sometimes checks email through public Wi-Fi. But he never does anybanking that way. In an unfamiliar place, he uses a Virtual Private Network(VPN). “This service creates a passage between your device and a safe place onthe Internet," he said.

11.A recent survey finds that 25% of Internet users use public Wi-Fi to ().

1. A. do banking
2. B. buy things
3. C. provide service
4. D. play cards

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参考答案A

考点阅读选择之细节理解与词义猜测

解析考查细节理解。原文首句"25% of Internet users have done online banking through public Wi-Fi"表明25%的网络用户近三个月通过公共Wi-Fi办理银行业务，对应do banking，故选A。

12.The phrase "take advantage of" (Para. 2) can best be replaced by "()".

1. A. adjust to
2. B. benefit from
3. C. lead to
4. D. result from

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参考答案B

考点阅读选择之细节理解与词义猜测

解析考查词义猜测。结合语境，专家担心黑客会"利用"人们使用公共Wi-Fi办理业务、购物这些行为从中获利，take advantage of意为"利用"，与benefit from（从中获益）最接近，故选B。

13.According to Shadel, any hacker can ()

1. A. create different passwords
2. B. open an electronic account
3. C. steal people's information
4. D. write software for businesses

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参考答案C

考点阅读选择之细节理解与词义猜测

解析考查细节理解。原文说黑客多是为了获取个人信息，若多个账户用同一用户名和密码，他们就能全部侵入，且"It's possible for any hacker to do it"，即任何黑客都可能窃取信息，故选C。

14.For the sake of safety, Internet users are advised to ().

1. A. test shared Internet access
2. B. rely on paid Internet access
3. C. look for free Internet access
4. D. avoid shared Internet access

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参考答案D

考点阅读选择之细节理解与词义猜测

解析考查细节推断。Shadel指出"Any shared Internet access, free or paid, carries the same level of risk"，即无论免费还是付费，共享网络接入风险相同，因此建议用户避免使用共享网络，故选D。

15.Shadel uses public Wi-Fi to ().

1. A. learn about VPN
2. B. deal with his emails
3. C. keep his account safe
4. D. handle financial matters

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参考答案B

考点阅读选择之细节理解与词义猜测

解析考查细节理解。末段"Shadel sometimes checks email through public Wi-Fi. But he never does any banking that way"说明他有时用公共Wi-Fi查收邮件，从不用它办理银行业务，故选B（deal with his emails）。

I Use Every Second Before I Go to Work

I Use Every Second Before I Go to Work ① I wake up at 6 a.m. every day. The first thing I do when I wake up is grabmy smartphone and take it to the bathroom with me, where I start my day byconsuming quite a lot of information. I go to some websites, but the main sitethat I focus on during this time is Nuzzel, a collector of headlines andlinks. I recommend everyone look into it if they feel they don't have time toproperly focus on every website individually. ②After visiting those sites, I head to Twitter, my No.1 outlet forcommunication with the public. Twitter is becoming a listening platform. Thereis such a volume of information on the platform that you need pay attentionto. So I spend a great amount of my morning responding to people and startingconversations. ③After all this comes my workout (锻炼) with my trainer. I usually work out forabout 45 minutes. The specific workout routine varies depending on the day ofthe week, what I ate,and how much I've been traveling. ④After the workout, I head back home to get my children ready for school. Isay bye to them and give them each a kiss before they leave. Then, I'm off tomy office, often before 9 a.m. ⑤In the car to my office, I call my mom, dad or sister. I talk to them just tolearn what they're up to. I really value those small moments. By the time Istep into my office, so much is going through my head. My day starts theminute I open my eyes.

16.Paragraph ①:

1. A. I do some morning exercise.
2. B. I phone my parents or sister.
3. C. I prepare my kids for school.
4. D. I communicate with others online.
5. E. I help my kids with their homework.
6. F. I visit websites to get information.

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参考答案F

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查段落大意匹配。第①段写作者醒来后先拿手机浏览网站，重点介绍收集标题和链接的Nuzzel网站，核心内容是访问网站获取信息，对应F。

17.Paragraph ②:

1. A. I do some morning exercise.
2. B. I phone my parents or sister.
3. C. I prepare my kids for school.
4. D. I communicate with others online.
5. E. I help my kids with their homework.
6. F. I visit websites to get information.

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参考答案D

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查段落大意匹配。第②段写作者上Twitter与公众沟通，花大量早晨时间回复他人并开启对话，属于在网上与他人交流，对应D。

18.Paragraph ③:

1. A. I do some morning exercise.
2. B. I phone my parents or sister.
3. C. I prepare my kids for school.
4. D. I communicate with others online.
5. E. I help my kids with their homework.
6. F. I visit websites to get information.

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参考答案A

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查段落大意匹配。第③段写作者与教练一起锻炼约45分钟，具体项目因星期几、饮食和出行而异，核心是晨间锻炼，对应A。

19.Paragraph ④:

1. A. I do some morning exercise.
2. B. I phone my parents or sister.
3. C. I prepare my kids for school.
4. D. I communicate with others online.
5. E. I help my kids with their homework.
6. F. I visit websites to get information.

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参考答案C

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查段落大意匹配。第④段写作者锻炼后回家"get my children ready for school"，吻别孩子后前往办公室，核心是帮孩子准备上学，对应C。

20.Paragraph ⑤:

1. A. I do some morning exercise.
2. B. I phone my parents or sister.
3. C. I prepare my kids for school.
4. D. I communicate with others online.
5. E. I help my kids with their homework.
6. F. I visit websites to get information.

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参考答案B

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查段落大意匹配。第⑤段写作者在去办公室的车上给妈妈、爸爸或妹妹打电话，了解他们的近况，即给父母或姐妹打电话，对应B。

21.Nuzzel helps me ().

1. A. to listen to others
2. B. step into my office
3. C. kiss them goodbye
4. D. affect my workout routine
5. E. to learn how they are doing
6. F. to surf the Internet efficiently

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参考答案F

考点应用文写作之电子邮件

• 格式完整：称呼Dear Tom，正文，落款Yours Li Ke
• 要点一：说明找到的具体工作（如教师）
• 要点二：分条说明喜欢该工作的原因（如教学相长、自由独立、内心安宁等）
• 结尾表达分享喜悦与祝愿，行文连贯，语法与用词基本正确

解析考查电子邮件写作。题目要求向美国朋友Tom分享找到满意工作的喜悦，须写明工作内容和喜爱原因两个要点。范文以教师工作为例，用First、Second、Finally分条陈述理由，首尾呼应分享喜悦，格式规范、要点齐全。

22.On Twitter I am able ().

1. A. to listen to others
2. B. step into my office
3. C. kiss them goodbye
4. D. affect my workout routine
5. E. to learn how they are doing
6. F. to surf the Internet efficiently

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参考答案A

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查细节匹配。由Twitter定位第②段：作者是Twitter作为与公众沟通的首选渠道，且"Twitter is becoming a listening platform"，说明他在上面能倾听他人，对应A。

23.There are several factors that ().

1. A. to listen to others
2. B. step into my office
3. C. kiss them goodbye
4. D. affect my workout routine
5. E. to learn how they are doing
6. F. to surf the Internet efficiently

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参考答案D

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查细节匹配。"several factors"指影响因素，对应第③段"锻炼计划取决于星期几、吃了什么、旅行多少"等因素，即影响锻炼安排，对应D。

24.Before my kids go to school, I ().

1. A. to listen to others
2. B. step into my office
3. C. kiss them goodbye
4. D. affect my workout routine
5. E. to learn how they are doing
6. F. to surf the Internet efficiently

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参考答案C

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查细节匹配。由kids定位第④段：作者在孩子离家上学前"say bye to them and give them each a kiss"，即吻别孩子，对应C。

25.I call my parents ().

1. A. to listen to others
2. B. step into my office
3. C. kiss them goodbye
4. D. affect my workout routine
5. E. to learn how they are doing
6. F. to surf the Internet efficiently

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参考答案E

考点阅读理解之段落信息匹配

解析考查细节匹配。由parents定位末段：作者打电话给父母或妹妹"just to learn what they're up to"，目的是了解他们的近况，对应E。

Banning Mobile Phones at School

Banning Mobile Phones at School It is a question that keeps some parents awake at night. Should children beallowed to take mobile phones to school? (26) For parents who want theirchildren to do well at school, it is no. Banning mobile phones at school is effective. According to a UK study, afterschools banned mobile phones, the test scores of students improved by 6.4%.The findings will influence the debate about children and mobile phones. Inthe UK, more than 90% of teenagers own a mobile phone; in the US, 75% haveone. The popular mobile phone is a problem in the eye of teachers. (27) In a2001 survey, no school banned mobiles. By 2007, this had risen to 50%. By2012, 98% of schools had taken action. Some did not allow phones. The othersrequired them to be handed in at the beginning of the day. (28) New York City has lifted a 10-year ban on phones at school. It says thatlifting the ban will promote equality. "This view is wrong," the researchersof the UK study write."We found that the ban led to improvements in testscores among students. Low-achieving students gained the most. (29) Allowingphones into schools will harm the lowest-achieving students the most." The UK study was carried out at Birmingham, London, Leicester and Manchesterschools before and after bans were introduced. “Technology is commonly viewedas increasing efficiency," the researchers write. "Modern technology is usedin the classroom to improve student performance. (30) Some students will payno attention to their class."

26.(26)

1. A. They are worried about the trend.
2. B. The mobile phone is a good example.
3. C. However, there are potential problems.
4. D. Now researchers say that they have an answer.
5. E. Therefore, lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite.
6. F. However, some schools are starting to allow limited use of mobile phones.

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参考答案D

考点补全短文之语篇衔接与连贯

解析考查补全短文。前文提出"孩子该带手机上学吗"这一问题，后文"For parents who want their children to do well at school, it is no"给出回答，中间需引出答案，D项"研究人员称已有答案"承上启下，故选D。

27.(27)

1. A. They are worried about the trend.
2. B. The mobile phone is a good example.
3. C. However, there are potential problems.
4. D. Now researchers say that they have an answer.
5. E. Therefore, lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite.
6. F. However, some schools are starting to allow limited use of mobile phones.

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参考答案A

考点补全短文之语篇衔接与连贯

解析考查补全短文。前文说手机普及在教师眼中是个问题，后文讲禁机学校比例从2001年的0升至2012年的98%，A项"他们担忧这一趋势"中they指教师、trend指手机普及，衔接紧密，故选A。

28.(28)

1. A. They are worried about the trend.
2. B. The mobile phone is a good example.
3. C. However, there are potential problems.
4. D. Now researchers say that they have an answer.
5. E. Therefore, lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite.
6. F. However, some schools are starting to allow limited use of mobile phones.

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参考答案F

考点补全短文之语篇衔接与连贯

解析考查补全短文。后文举纽约市解除校园手机十年禁令为例，与前文学校纷纷禁机形成转折，F项"然而一些学校开始允许有限度使用手机"自然引出该例，故选F。

29.(29)

1. A. They are worried about the trend.
2. B. The mobile phone is a good example.
3. C. However, there are potential problems.
4. D. Now researchers say that they have an answer.
5. E. Therefore, lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite.
6. F. However, some schools are starting to allow limited use of mobile phones.

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参考答案E

考点补全短文之语篇衔接与连贯

解析考查补全短文。前文说禁令后成绩差的学生受益最多，后文说允许带手机对差生伤害最大，E项"因此解除禁令实际上可能导致相反结果"承接因果关系，逻辑通顺，故选E。

30.(30)

1. A. They are worried about the trend.
2. B. The mobile phone is a good example.
3. C. However, there are potential problems.
4. D. Now researchers say that they have an answer.
5. E. Therefore, lifting the ban may in fact lead to the opposite.
6. F. However, some schools are starting to allow limited use of mobile phones.

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参考答案C

考点补全短文之语篇衔接与连贯

解析考查补全短文。前文说现代科技用于课堂以提高学生成绩，后文说有些学生上课不专心，前后为转折关系，C项"然而存在潜在的问题"承上启下，故选C。

Failing Forward

Failing Forward There are several key abilities that allow successful people to fail forwardinstead of taking each setback personally. First, successful people don'tblame themselves when they fail. They take (31) for each setback, but theydon't take the failure personally. Second,successful people don't (32)themselves by individual failures. They (33) that each setback is a small (34)of the whole.Third, achievers are (35) to vary their approaches to problems.That's important in every walk of life. If one (36) doesn't work for you, ifit brings repeated failures, (37) try something else. To fail forward, youmust do what works for you, not (38) what works for other people. Finally,successful people are (39). They don't let one error keep them down.They learnfrom their mistakes and (40) on. A.lucky B.move C.responsibility D.then E.necessarily F.part G.tough H.willing I.approach J.recognize K.easily L.define

31.They take (31) for each setback, but they don't take the failure personally.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案C

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查固定搭配。take responsibility for为固定短语，意为"对……负责"；句意指成功者为每次挫折承担责任但不把失败视为个人问题，故填responsibility。

32.Second, successful people don't (32) themselves by individual failures.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案L

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查动词辨析。此处需填动词，define oneself by...意为"以……来定义自己"；句意指成功者不以个别失败来定义自己，与前后文心态相符，故填define。

33.They (33) that each setback is a small (34) of the whole.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案J

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查动词辨析。此处需接that引导宾语从句的动词，recognize（认识到）最恰当：他们认识到每次挫折只是整体的一小部分，故填recognize。

34.They (33) that each setback is a small (34) of the whole.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案F

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查名词辨析。a small part of the whole意为"整体的一小部分"；句意指挫折只是全局的一小部分，不应以偏概全，故填part。

35.Third, achievers are (35) to vary their approaches to problems.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案H

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查形容词搭配。be willing to do sth意为"乐意做某事"；句意指成功者乐于变换解决问题的方法，呼应vary their approaches，故填willing。

36.If one (36) doesn't work for you, if it brings repeated failures, (37) try something else.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案I

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查名词辨析。此处需名词作主语，与上句vary their approaches相呼应，approach意为"方法"；句意指某种方法若行不通，故填approach。

37.If one (36) doesn't work for you, if it brings repeated failures, (37) try something else.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案D

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查副词用法。前文说一种方法反复带来失败，此处表顺承关系，then（然后）引出"尝试别的方法"这一建议，故填then。

38.To fail forward, you must do what works for you, not (38) what works for other people.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案E

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查副词用法。not necessarily意为"不一定"；句意指要前进必须做对自己有效的事，而不一定是对别人有效的事，语气准确，故填necessarily。

39.Finally, successful people are (39).

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案G

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查形容词辨析。后文"They don't let one error keep them down"说明成功者不会被一个错误击垮，即性格坚强，tough（坚强的）符合句意，故填tough。

40.They learn from their mistakes and (40) on.

1. A. lucky
2. B. move
3. C. responsibility
4. D. then
5. E. necessarily
6. F. part
7. G. tough
8. H. willing
9. I. approach
10. J. recognize
11. K. easily
12. L. define

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参考答案B

考点选词填空之词义辨析与搭配

解析考查动词短语。move on为固定搭配，意为"继续前进"；与learn from their mistakes并列，指从错误中汲取教训并继续前行，故填move。

Achieving Success in a Presentation

Achieving Success in a Presentation The success of a _presentation_ (present) is leaving your audience withsomething of value. What do they get from (41) (spend) time listening to yourpresentation? Many people think that they need to be brilliant to presentwell. They think that they need to be smart, witty and (42) (charm) beforethey start to write a speech. Those qualities can come (43) (natural), butmost often, they come as a result of the passion and knowledge of the(44)(speak). One of the vital factors in having an (45) (effect) presentation is servingthe needs of your audience. Caring for your audience's needs (46) (require) noperfection. You can make (47) (mistake) and it's going to be OK. The (48)(equip) can fail and it's still going to be OK. You don't have to use humor tobe a (49) (win). With that in mind, the real point is more like beingsuccessful at (50) (reach) your audience.

41.What do they get from (41) (spend) time listening to your presentation?

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参考答案spending

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查非谓语动词。介词from后须接动名词作宾语，get from spending time...表示"从花时间……中获得"，故spend变为spending。

42.They think that they need to be smart, witty and (42) (charm) before they start to write a speech.

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参考答案charming

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查词形转换。与smart、witty并列作be动词后的表语，需用形容词形式；charm的形容词为charming（有魅力的），故填charming。

43.Those qualities can come (43) (natural), but most often, they come as a result of the passion and knowledge of the (44)(speak).

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参考答案naturally

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查词形转换。修饰动词come需用副词形式；natural的副词为naturally，意为"天生地、自然而然地"，故填naturally。

44.Those qualities can come (43) (natural), but most often, they come as a result of the passion and knowledge of the (44)(speak).

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参考答案speaker

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查词形转换。定冠词the后需接名词，此处指"演讲者"的热情与学识，speak的名词为speaker，故填speaker。

45.One of the vital factors in having an (45) (effect) presentation is serving the needs of your audience.

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参考答案effective

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查词形转换。修饰名词presentation需用形容词，且由an提示为元音开头；effect的形容词为effective，an effective presentation意为"一场有效的演讲"，故填effective。

46.Caring for your audience's needs (46) (require) no perfection.

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参考答案requires

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查主谓一致。动名词短语Caring for your audience's needs作主语视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故require变为requires。

47.You can make (47) (mistake) and it's going to be OK.

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参考答案mistakes

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查名词单复数。make mistakes为惯用表达，泛指"犯错误"时mistake用复数形式；句意指你可以犯些错也没关系，故填mistakes。

48.The (48)(equip) can fail and it's still going to be OK.

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参考答案equipment

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查词形转换。the后需接名词作主语；equip的名词为equipment（设备），且equipment是不可数名词，用原形即可，故填equipment。

49.You don't have to use humor to be a (49) (win).

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参考答案winner

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查词形转换。不定冠词a后需接名词单数，指"胜者"；win的名词为winner，a winner意为"赢家"，故填winner。

50.With that in mind, the real point is more like being successful at (50) (reach) your audience.

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参考答案reaching

考点填词补文之词形转换（构词法）

解析考查非谓语动词。介词at后须接动名词作宾语，be successful at doing sth意为"成功做成某事"，故reach变为reaching。

写作

21.假设你刚找到一份满意的工作。请给你的美国朋友 Tom写一封英文电子邮件，分享你的喜悦，内容包括： 你找了一份什么工作 你为什么喜欢这份工作 请以Li Ke署名。

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参考答案Dear Tom, I hope this email finds you well. I just wanted to share some exciting newswith you. I recently found a job that I'm really happy about and wanted totell you all about it. I like to be a teacher. Three reasons have led me to choose this job. First,teaching is learning. To make my lectures more helpful and interesting, I haveto read more books, learn new knowledge and gain a better understanding of theworld, which is the very thing I enjoy in my life. Second, teaching meansfreedom and independence. As a teacher, I’ m free to use my own ideas and makemy own decisions. Finally, I like teaching because it offers certain peace ofmind. All in all, the reasons above make me like teaching best. Anyway, I just wanted to share my good news with you. Hope you're doing well! Yours Li Ke

考点应用文写作之电子邮件

• 格式完整：称呼Dear Tom，正文，落款Yours Li Ke
• 要点一：说明找到的具体工作（如教师）
• 要点二：分条说明喜欢该工作的原因（如教学相长、自由独立、内心安宁等）
• 结尾表达分享喜悦与祝愿，行文连贯，语法与用词基本正确

解析考查电子邮件写作。题目要求向美国朋友Tom分享找到满意工作的喜悦，须写明工作内容和喜爱原因两个要点。范文以教师工作为例，用First、Second、Finally分条陈述理由，首尾呼应分享喜悦，格式规范、要点齐全。